LILO - Upholstered footstool by Moroso

LOVESEAT - Fabric armchair

Moroso > Armchair

The Loveseat, originally designed by Urquiola in 2000 and now evolved, showcases a more intense and dynamic style compared to the sofa version. Its base, essential for supporting the seat components, exhibits a striking contrast of solidity and delicacy, tapering towards nothing at the legs. This innovative structural solution lends Loveseat a modern, robust character. Standalone or grouped with other chairs, it's versatile for both private and public spaces. The Loveseat, along with Lowland,...

LOVELAND - Sectional fabric sofa with chaise longue

Moroso > Sofa

The Loveland Upholstered System, designed by Patricia Urquiola for Moroso in 2000, features updated design elements while maintaining its original aesthetic. Seats and backrests are now softer and gentler, with tubular steel replaced by solid wooden bases. This revised design enhances the architectural qualities of the series, preserving its sophisticated rationalist mood as a standalone piece or in a composition. The Loveland collection showcases a new approach to sustainability, transformin...

ROWS - Rectangular table with wooden, marble or glass top

Moroso > Table

The Rows collection by Patricia Urquiola offers geometric and minimalist designs, characterized by linear forms and symmetries. This collection includes doors, side panels, and table bases that combine formality with decorative elements. The curved milled edge along the surface is inspired by Amédée Ozenfant's still-life paintings. Urquiola's rectangular tables showcase a striking contrast between structural solidity, graphic surface patterns, and linear table tops available in wood, back-...

PHEABY - Upholstered chair

Moroso > Chair

The upholstered chair Pheaby, designed by Patricia Urquiola for Moroso, showcases a unique blend of artisanal design and industrial thought. Its distinctive legs, resembling a carpenter's trestle, provide robust support to a softly-rounded seat with no sharp edges, ensuring comfort. The chair's materials are skillfully highlighted through its versatility, subtlety, and comfort, reflecting the rational design choices underlying its formal structure. For more details, refer to the manufacturer'...

ROWS - Rectangular console table

Moroso > Console

The Rows collection by Patricia Urquiola, inspired by the Purism movement, offers a geometric and minimalist design with linear forms and symmetries. This series includes doors, side panels, table bases, sideboards, cabinets, and console tables with drawers, suitable for both dining and living spaces. The units are crafted from particleboard with an oak veneer finish, applied using a membrane press to maintain the continuity of the grain and impart an artisanal feel while showcasing the indus...

ROWS - Sideboard with doors

Moroso > Cabinet

The Rows collection by Patricia Urquiola, inspired by the Purism movement, offers a geometric and minimalist design with linear forms and symmetries. This collection includes doors, side panels, table bases, sideboards, cabinets, and a console table with drawers, suitable for both dining and living spaces. The units are crafted from particleboard with an oak veneer finish, using a membrane press technique that preserves the continuity of the grain, providing an artisanal feel while showcasing...

PEBBLE RUBBLE - Modular sectional sofa

Moroso > Sofa

The Pebble Rubble collection by Front Design for Moroso offers a unique sensory experience, merging the rugged texture of natural stone with soft upholstery. This design, created by Sofia Lagerkvist and Anna Lindgren, resembles massive rocks polished by wind and rain, providing both roughness and comfort. The collection consists of 15 modular seats and backrests, along with three footstools, suitable for corporate and hospitality settings. With its flexible arrangement possibilities, Pebble R...

ROWS - Highboard with doors

Moroso > Door

The Rows collection by Patricia Urquiola showcases a geometric and minimalist design with linear forms and symmetries, drawing inspiration from the Purism movement. This collection includes doors, side panels, table bases, sideboards, cabinets, and console tables with drawers, suitable for both dining and living spaces. The units are crafted from particleboard with an oak veneer finish, applied using a membrane press to preserve the continuity of the grain and create an artisanal feel while m...

SQUARE - Upholstered fabric easy chair

Moroso > Armchair

The Square Chair, designed by Jonathan Olivares, is a compact upholstered armchair available at the Kvadrat New York flagship showroom. Inspired by Olivares' collaboration with Danish textile manufacturer Kvadrat, this chair features essential geometric shapes and precise lines, offering a blend of comfort and versatility for use in various settings. Designed with collaborative and agile workspaces in mind, the Square Chair is lightweight and easily repositioned to accommodate changing office...

SALON NANÀ - Sectional fabric sofa with chaise longue

Moroso > Sofa

The Salon Nanà collection offers modular sofas and seating elements, constructed with an internal wooden structure and upholstered in polyurethane foam, polyester fiber, goose down, and various fabrics. These pieces are compliant with Cal TB117 standards and have a fireproof version available (BS 5852, crib 5) for an additional 8% charge. The feet are made of stained solid beech, securely screwed to the structure. This collection is designed for versatility, with removable components, and is...

SQUARE - Fabric small sofa

Moroso > Sofa

The Square Sofa, designed by Jonathan Olivares in collaboration with Kvadrat New York flagship showroom, features essential geometric forms and precise lines, making it a versatile piece suitable for both comfort and agile workspaces. Crafted from high-quality materials, this upholstered sofa is lightweight, allowing for easy repositioning as workspace arrangements change. For detailed specifications, please refer to the Square Sofa information provided by Moroso.

NOT A HAREM - Square steel coffee table for living room

Moroso > Coffee table

The Not a Harem collection, a collaboration between Moroso and French-Lebanese architect Annabel Karim Kassar, offers small tables with melamine chipboard tops covered in printed and painted cotton canvas, edged with steel studs. The base is made of steel with a RAL 9005 powder coat finish. This collection draws inspiration from the convivial atmospheres of late-19th century literary circles, as represented by Emile Zola's book "Nana." The flexible modular seating system in this collection a...

SALON NANÀ - Square glass and steel coffee table for living room

Moroso > Coffee table

The Salon Nanà coffee table offers a sleek design with a top made from either polished laminated glass or polished marble, both 20mm thick, and a steel base finished with a powder coat in RAL 9005. This collection, a collaboration between Annabel Karim Kassar and Moroso, draws inspiration from the literary circles of the late-19th century, as suggested by its name derived from Emile Zola's novel "Nana." The collection features a versatile modular seating system, two sets of side tables inspi...

GOGAN - Low wooden coffee table for living room

Moroso > Coffee table

The Gogan coffee table features a top made of either tempered, etched, and varnished extra-clear glass or polished marble, with the glass being 12mm thick and marble 20mm. The base is constructed from varnished lamellar ash wood. For color references on the wood, refer to CAFFÈ OAK and DARK BROWN BEECH samples. Marble tops and sides are treated with water-repellent wax, and feet are connected by a black paint. The Gogan collection draws inspiration from Japanese stones shaped by time and wa...

GOGAN - Low round wood and glass coffee table

Moroso > Coffee table

The Gogan coffee table features a top made of either tempered, etched, and varnished extra-clear glass (12mm thick) or polished marble (20mm thick), with a base constructed from lamellar ash wood that has been varnished. For the wood color references, please refer to the CAFFÈ OAK and DARK BROWN BEECH samples. Marble tops and sides are treated with water-repellent wax, while feet are connected by black paint. The Gogan collection draws inspiration from Japanese stones that have been smoothe...

SALON NANÀ - Fabric armchair with removable cover with armrests

Moroso > Armchair

The Salon Nanà armchair is constructed with an internal wooden structure, polyurethane foam, and polyester fiber. Seat cushions are filled with goose down and feature a polyurethane foam insert, while back cushions are made of polyester fiber. This chair adheres to Cal TB117 standards and offers a fireproof version (BS 5852, crib 5) for an additional 8% fee. The feet are crafted from stained solid beech and screwed onto the structure. The Salon Nanà collection is a collaboration between Mo...

GOGAN - Fabric armchair with removable cover

Moroso > Armchair

The Gogan armchair and sofa feature a flame-retardant polyurethane foam construction with varying densities, covered by a wood frame and polyester fiberfill. This furniture collection is available in versions compliant with Cal TB117 (without flame retardants) or BS 5852, crib 5. The black polypropylene feet are screwed to the frame, ensuring stability. Removable covers add a touch of versatility to the Gogan collection, inspired by Japanese river stones. The irregular and soft seats offer ex...

FRAME-SHIFT - Open sectional wood veneer bookcase

Moroso > Cabinet

The Frame-Shift bookcase is a versatile modular design, featuring shelves crafted from Alpi® veneered MDF. It includes sliding door guides made of black anodized aluminum extrusions and uprights in powder-coated steel, both finished in matt black. Doors are available in lacquered MDF or Stopsol tempered glass, equipped with a smooth sliding system. The adjustable insoles are constructed from black polypropylene for added functionality. For more details on the Frame-Shift bookcase, please ref...

PACIFIC - Fabric armchair with removable cover with armrests

Moroso > Armchair

The Pacific armchair, designed by Patricia Urquiola for Moroso, features an internal steel frame encased in flame-retardant polyurethane foam and polyester fiberfill. The chair's feet are made of polypropylene. Notably, the removable covers of the Pacific collection evoke a relaxed West Coast ambiance while offering a comfortable and enveloping seating experience. This armchair is a continuation of the Redondo collection, initially designed by Urquiola in 2010. For more detailed information a...

PACIFIC - Fabric sofa with removable cover

Moroso > Sofa

The Pacific Sofa, designed by Patricia Urquiola for Moroso, offers a cozy and intimate seating experience. Its rounded, oversized shapes are inspired by the laid-back atmosphere of the American West Coast. The soft upholstery, available in sophisticated boucle, plush wool, or luxurious velvet, provides an extraordinarily tactile experience. The sofa's structure is a combination of polyurethane foam, flameretardant polyurethane foam, polyester fiberfil on wood and steel frame, seat cushions ma...

MATRIX - Rectangular rug

Moroso > Rug

The "Matrix" collection features hand-woven rugs, meticulously blending viscose and wool for a unique interplay of shine and matt textures. This combination creates a sophisticated monochromatic design. The rectangular rugs have a thickness ranging from 4-7mm and weigh approximately 3.5kg per square meter. Production takes place in India, with variations allowed in measurements by up to 5%. For more detailed information about the Matrix collection, please refer to Moroso's manufacturer specif...

SAMA - Round handmade rug

Moroso > Rug

The "Sama" collection, a unique addition to Moroso's rug line, features a distinctive round shape. Crafted with a combination of wool for the interior and viscose for the outer perimeter, this hand-tufted rug offers a balance of comfort and visual appeal. The name "Sama" is inspired by the spinning dance of Dervishes, symbolizing the round shape as the central focus point in a room. This rug is 9-12mm thick, weighs approximately 5.5kg per square meter, and includes measurement variations of 5...

HIMALAYAN RUGS - Rectangular handmade rug

Moroso > Rug

The "Himalayan Rugs" collection showcases a range of rugs, meticulously crafted using the traditional kilim knotting technique. These unique pieces combine Allo fiber with banana, resulting in an artisanal texture that accentuates the bright nettle fibers against the rugged jute fringes. The Himalayan nettle rugs demonstrate a commitment to exploring unconventional natural materials, offering a surprising contrast. Allo fiber, known for its superior physical and mechanical properties, is part...

TABA - 3 seater fabric sofa

Moroso > Sofa

The Taba Sofa is constructed with flame-retardant polyurethane foam of varying densities, covered by polyester fiberfill over a wood frame. It features black polypropylene feet securely screwed to the base. This sofa can be optionally equipped with a VDE Schuko socket (230v AC - 16A) and double USB socket (5v DC - 2.1A / 1A). The Taba collection, a collaboration between designer Häberli and Moroso, emphasizes versatile functionality for living, seating, conversation, and work. The design sho...

SECRET CUBIC SHELVES - Open wall-mounted powder coated steel bookcase

Moroso > Cabinet

The Secret Cubic Shelves is a steel bookshelf featuring a powder-coated finish, offering a robust and stylish storage solution. Adjustable PVC glides allow for height adjustments, while the steel shelves are securely mounted with screws at fixed intervals. This product includes wall-mounting brackets and black hooks for easy installation, making it suitable for supporting up to 45kg of weight. The Secret Cubic Shelves come unassembled for delivery. For more details, please refer to the manufa...

GOGAN - Sectional fabric sofa with removable cover

Moroso > Sofa

The Gogan Collection is a versatile sofa and seating system, featuring elements constructed with flame-retardant polyurethane foam in varying densities, covered by a wood frame and polyester fiberfill. This collection offers removable covers and black polypropylene feet screwed to the frame for added durability. The Gogan Collection complies with Cal TB117 free of flame retardants or BS 5852, crib 5, ensuring safety standards are met. Notably, the collection's design is inspired by Japanese s...

GETLUCKY - Upholstered fabric easy chair with armrests

Moroso > Armchair

The Getlucky armchair, designed by Patricia Urquiola for Moroso, features a binary geometry design that seamlessly integrates seat parts and backrests. Known for its minimalist aesthetic, this dining armchair showcases a soft backrest that wraps around the back like a ribbon, intertwining with the comfortable seat. The chair is crafted from injected flame-retardant polyurethane foam over an internal steel frame, available in versions compliant with BS 5852, crib 5, and Cal TB117, or without a...

MEZZE - Fabric day bed

Moroso > Sofa

The Mezze day bed, part of the Salon Nanà collection, is crafted with polyurethane foam, polyester fiber, and pocket springs in harmonic steel. Its sturdy feet are turned and screwed onto a solid beech structure. This removable collection is a collaboration between Moroso and French-Lebanese architect Annabel Karim Kassar, inspired by the convivial atmospheres of 19th-century literary circles. The flexible modular seating system can adapt to various settings, featuring side tables inspired b...

RUFF - Upholstered easy chair with armrests

Moroso > Armchair

The RUFF lounge chair, designed by Patricia Urquiola for Moroso, showcases a unique blend of binary geometry, combining seat and backrest in a harmonious manner. Its wide armrests, secured with a single joint, wrap around the seat section, creating an architectural interaction with surrounding space through the dialogue between curved and straight lines. Crafted from injected flame-retardant polyurethane foam over an internal steel frame, this chair is available in various color options and c...

REDONDO - Fabric sofa with removable cover

Moroso > Sofa

The Redondo collection features a unique two-part design with plush seat cushions enclosed by a padded shell, showcasing smooth curves and soft fabric, devoid of sharp corners. Inspired by the upholstered interiors and soft bodywork of 1950s and 60s American cars, this collection offers comfortable seating for extended use. The pieces are constructed using polyurethane foam in varied densities, polyester fiber on a wooden frame, with seat cushions made from polyurethane foam and polyester fib...

TAKE A LINE FOR A WALK - Swivel armchair with 4-spoke base high-back

Moroso > Armchair

This lounger, designed in 2002 and upholstered with a zip running its length, offers a comfortable and protective space for relaxation. The exterior showcases precise, orderly geometry, while the interior features softness, vibrant colors, and a distinctively feminine style. The lounger is constructed with an internal steel frame and flame-retardant polyurethane foam. It comes in three upholstery options: cotton gel quilt (code 340), quilted fabric (code 354), or leather. The cover for the ar...

CLARISSA - Swivel fabric armchair

Moroso > Armchair

The Clarissa easy chair offers a blend of functionality and style, designed for both activity and relaxation. It features a sturdy steel frame with flame-retardant foam upholstery, paired with a swivel base available in either varnished steel or oak. The chair's cover is non-removable, but it comes with a removable quilt secured by a zipper. For more detailed information, please refer to the manufacturer's specifications on CLARISSA Moroso.

GENTRY - Fabric or leather sofa

Moroso > Sofa

The Gentry sofa is a thoughtfully designed piece that prioritizes balanced comfort with a subtle touch of playful exaggeration. It embodies tradition and sophistication, yet challenges the conventional notion of 'bourgeois' with its lighthearted approach. This versatile sofa offers both structured discipline and relaxed freedom through its large independent seat and back cushions, suitable for proper seating or lounging without concern for formalities. The frame is constructed from an interna...

SHANGHAI TIP - Sectional fabric sofa with removable cover

Moroso > Sofa

The Shanghai Tip chair offers a blend of subtle luxury and comfort, with an Oriental-inspired design. Its minimalist structure features chrome-steel or black painted tube legs, resembling colored wooden sticks. The seat cushions are filled with down and upholstered in neutral shades, providing comfort while contrasting with vibrant throw cushions and lacquered side tables in plum, emerald green, paprika, and lacquer red. The backrest is adjustable, featuring an articulated headrest mechanism ...

PRECIOUS - Chair with armrests

Moroso > Chair

The Precious Chair is a lightweight, sleek design that balances minimalist aesthetics with robust construction, making it ideal for heavy-duty use in the contract industry. Made with premium materials such as flame-retardant flexible foam, chrome-plated or painted steel, and polypropylene gliders, this collection offers a variety of fabric and finish options to cater to contemporary tastes. The base of the seat features a minimalist design resembling a thin ring or wedding band, adding an ele...

FJORD - Swivel armchair

Moroso > Armchair

The Fjord swivel armchair features an injected flame-retardant foam seat atop an internal steel frame, with a square base made of powder-coated steel. It boasts a fixed quilt (code 03K) and offers customizable stitching options in standard colors (white, black, or red) or from the Divina color palette, at no additional charge. This design, inspired by Patricia Urquiola, draws on Scandinavian influences with references to Arne Jacobsen and the inlets of northern coastlines. The chair's unique,...

PAPER PLANES - 2 seater fabric sofa

Moroso > Sofa

The Paper Planes seating design, a blend of functional sculpture and inviting comfort, offers both durability and lightness with an illusion of defying gravity. Originating from a graph paper-inspired fabric design, it showcases the artistry of folding and modeling paper to form angles, lines, and polygons. The chair's construction requires precise sartorial skill to align the fabric lines with its geometry, leaving no room for error. The seat is constructed using flame-retardant polyurethan...

MATHILDA - Stackable wooden chair with armrests

Moroso > Chair

The Mathilda chair features a flame-retardant and stress-resistant polyurethane foam seat and upholstered back on an ash frame, with a raffia-wrapped back option available. The arm and leg connections are covered in fabric or leather armbands, available in ash or oak finishes. The chair is stackable up to 3 high. With its modern architectural design and recognizable shape, the Mathilda chair offers a coherent and practical seating solution, featuring two trestles for added stability and stack...

FJORD - Sled base armchair

Moroso > Armchair

The Fjord armchair features an internal steel frame encased in flame-retardant foam, available in either fabric or leather upholstery. Inspired by a polished seashell, this design by Patricia Urquiola is suitable for both residential and public spaces. With nods to Scandinavian design and Arne Jacobsen's aesthetic, the chair showcases long cut-aways reminiscent of northern coastlines. The design concept represents a natural cycle, transforming from a chair to a stool over time. Its broken for...

ANTIBODI - Sled base armchair

Moroso > Armchair

The Antibodi armchair showcases a unique, three-dimensional geometry inspired by cellular genesis, featuring sewn petals arranged in a graphic structure with a triangular base. This design results in a floral motif, symbolizing fertility and life force. The petals are crafted from double-sided fabrics such as felt, baize, or leather, creating a structural upholstery that is securely fastened to a stainless steel frame. The upholstery exhibits a dual personality, appearing welcoming and femini...

LILO - Upholstered footstool

Moroso > Pouf

The Lilo footstool features a flame-retardant polyurethane foam seated atop a steel frame, with a varnished ash structure. Its covers are available in customer's own material (COM) or Moroso's predefined colors, and are not removable as part of the Lilo collection design. For more details, please refer to the manufacturer's information on LILO by Moroso.

JOIN - Height-adjustable chair with 5-spoke base

Nidi > Chair

Hikari Wall Lamp, Ø35 - Opal White

101 copenhagen > Wall lamp

In Japanese, Hikari means light, a word that whispers of warmth, purity, and presence. The Hikari Collection was born from this idea: that light is not only something we see, but something we feel, a soft companion to our spaces, a quiet rhythm in the air.Each lamp captures the moment when light meets stillness. The opal glass shade, smooth and gently flattened, diffuses a glow as tender as dawn through mist. Behind it, a graceful trumpet form conceals the metal wall cup, a hidden gesture of craft and care. Three slender metal sticks hold the glass in place, poised like fine lines of balance that lend structure to serenity. An inbuilt LED light source, which has 25000 hours of light, is seamlessly integrated, preserving the lamp’s quiet form while providing warm, even illumination. This luminaire is compatible DALI lighting control systems. Can be implemented with existing DALI systems. Equally suited for wall or ceiling mounting, the Ø35 Hikari is ideal for living rooms, stairways, bedrooms, and hallways, either as a single understated feature or arranged in multiples to create rhythm and continuity. Hikari becomes part of the architecture itself, a hush of radiance that binds one space to another, bringing calm and cohesion to both intimate and open interiors.Hikari is light distilled to its essence, not merely illumination but emotion. A presence that turns space into feeling, and silence into glow.

SAMARCANDA - low table

ETRO Home Interiors > Coffee table

Outline Pouf

Muuto > Pouf

The Outline Pouf echoes the clean and refined lines of the Outline design, making a perfect addition to any sofa setting. Use the pouf as a footstool as well as an extra seat.

Rest Pouf

Muuto > Pouf

The Rest Pouf is designed with simple lines and a deeply soft seat, bringing comfort and ideas of Scandinavian design to any lounging setting.

Five Pouf

Muuto > Pouf

The Five Pouf is a versatile, easy-to-use design that is both comfortable and contemporary. With a pentagon shape and linear detailing contrasted against curved edges, the Five Pouf is a unique item that can be used as extra seating or to decorate an unused corner of any room.

Echo Pouf

Muuto > Pouf

The Echo Pouf has a simple, friendly expression that brings comfort and function to any space alongside its light and almost hovering expression through its small legs underneath. The name of the Echo Pouf refers to how the design can be used in symmetric formations or clusters with various sizes and upholsteries, creating visual echoes throughout the space.

Alfred Footrest

Sofa Company > Pouf

Alfred footrest is a classic and modern place to rest tired feet and a lovely alternative to the standard coffee table. The design is round and oozes contemporary elegance.

Dane Footrest

Sofa Company > Pouf

Dane footrest has a streamlined and simple expression which makes it a robust and elegant modular piece. The softly rounded seats with gracious folded details invites you to kick back and relax. The different modules make it possible to combine a unique sofa adjusted to any space. Choose a single textile or combine severel for a cool statement effect.

Vincent Footrest

Sofa Company > Pouf

This footrest is part of the Vincent sofa, which is a luxurious and comfortable lounge series of loose modules, where you can combine criss-cross and create the ultimate flexible dream sofa.

Astha Footrest

Sofa Company > Pouf

The Astha footrest has a classic, Scandinavian look that will add elegance to any home. With a footrest, you have both an extra seat when you have guests and a footrest where you can rest your feet when relaxing in your favorite armchair after a long day.

Aya Footrest

Sofa Company > Pouf

When classic Japanese and Scandinavian aesthetics meet up, Aya becomes the result. A simple and subtle design with a yet luxuriously inviting feel and look. This elegant pouf with its wodden leg frame and spacious body emphasises the “japandi! elegance and minimalism. Add it to the Aya 4-seater sofa for a design match made in heaven.

Dorothy Footrest

Sofa Company > Pouf

Dorothy footrest is elegant, simple and quite functional all at once. The perfect add-on for tired feet or for an extra seating when needed. Use together with Dorothy lounge chair and sofa or on its own.

Honey Pouf, D57 cm

Sofa Company > Pouf

The Honey pouf is irresistible and sums up some of the most significant new trends; curvy shapes, stacked layers and full upholstery! It is both a stool, a footrest, a side table and a sculpture in one.

IT by SLS Dining pouf

Sofa Company > Pouf

IT by SLS is a dining pouf, which is a combination of a pouf and a dining chair. IT dining puf is new, proactive and different. It’s a “statment piece” that doesn’t compromise on functionality and comfort. The size and comfort makes it the ideal stool for dining, the walk-in, the entrance or as a beautiful sculpture in the bedroom. The metal tube is covered with soft aniline leather which embraces the soft upholstery, and works both as a handle and a lumber support.

No. 8 Pouf

Sofa Company > Pouf

The tall, narrow pouf suggests a simple, Nordic design with visible double stitching along the edges. The beautiful design makes No. 8 stand out in all its simplicity.

No. 9 Pouf

Sofa Company > Pouf

The beautiful, simple footrest suggests a Nordic-inspired and simple design. The beautiful design makes No. 9 stand out in all its simplicity.

Hide Storage Pouf Large Sand

Normann Copenhagen > Pouf

Hide Storage Pouf is a storage and pouf in one. Hide is made from PET felt, which consists of post-consumer plastic bottles which are extruded into polyester fibers and then pressed into felt. The seat of the pouf can be removed, revealing the hollow space inside which makes the design convenient for storage purposes.

Circus Pouf Duo Large Light Blue

Normann Copenhagen > Pouf

Circus consists of hard foam in the bottom part and softer foam on the upper part for good sitting comfort. The pouf is covered in velour or wool textile. The pouf has a wooden plate at the bottom for stability.